A coping method used by Achromats to be able to drive, despite their Day Blindness and not being able to differentiate the color of signal lights. Equipment includes heavily tinted lenses to alleviate Day Blindness, and a small telescopic system…

A type of neuron located in the retina. It transmits visual information from the Photoreceptor (or Horizontal Cell) to the Retinal Ganglion Cell (or Amacrine Cell) and is therefore the second or third cell of the Phototransduction Pathway.

A misleading name for Tritanopia. The name derives probably from the blue-yellow opponent channel, which is - by definition - skewed permanently to the far yellow side in Tritanopes, typically because they are missing the S-Cones that balance the channel.…

A genus of butterflies that was found to own at least 15 different classes of Photoreceptors. Previously, no insect was known to have more than 9. They are one of the animal candidates for having the largest color gamut, thereby…

A misnomer for the S Cone, so called because the cone is more sensitive to blue light than the other photoreceptors.

A rare form of colorblindness where the individual sees in Monochromacy (grayscale) because only one class of cone is present (S-cone). This disease is an intersection of Protanopia (missing the gene for the L-Opsin) and Deuteranopia (missing the gene for…

Blue Light Blocking Filters have two general applications: Glasses - Some have suggested that too much exposure to blue light has the potential to damage Photoreceptors, but there is little research to support this. While UV light is known to…

A misnomer of the S Opsin.

A slightly misleading name for Tritanomaly. The name derives probably from the blue-yellow opponent channel, which is - by definition - skewed to the yellow side in Tritans, typically because they are less sensitive to blue light. "Blue weak" infers…

An Opponent Channel as well as a category of CVD where that opponent channel is affected. This includes Tritan defects as well as the hypothetical Tetartan defects. The Blue-Yellow opponent channel is a reformulation of the Tristimulus values (LMS), which…

A portmanteau of blue and purple. Individuals with red-green colorblindness have difficulty (or cannot) differentiating between blue and purple, as they are Metamers. Blue and purple are therefore often referred to as a single color called blurple to account for…

A Lantern instituted in 1913 by the UK Navy following a lawsuit from a sailor who was being dismissed from his post after being identified as colorblind according to Holmgren's Wool. The original lanterns used an oil lamp for illumination,…

The intensity of light; Brightness is measured subjectively, so changes for individuals with different visual systems. Brightness, or its analogs Value and Luminance, are typically one of the three channels defining a 3D Color Space.

Like Vibrancy - and unlike Brightness and Luminance - Brilliance does not have a consistent, quantifiable, technical definition. Colloquially, it describes Intensity or Luminance.